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The Newark Plank Road was a major artery between Hudson Waterfront at Paulus Hook (in today's Jersey City) and city of Newark further inland across the New Jersey Meadows. As its name suggests, a plank road was constructed of wooden planks laid side-to-side on a roadbed. Similar roads, the Bergen Point Plank Road, the Hackensack Plank Road and Paterson Plank Road, travelled to the locales for which they are named. The name is no longer used, the route having been absorbed into other streets and freeways. In 1765, an act of the Assembly of the Province of New Jersey stated: ''"A road from New-Ark to the publick road in the town of Bergen, leading to Poulos Hook, and establishing ferries over the two small rivers, Passaick and Hackensack, which makes the distance from Poulus Hook to New-Ark eight miles, and will be a level and good road when the cause-ways are made ; and as said road will be very commodious for travelers, and give a short and easy access of a large country to the markets of the city of New-York and be of a general benefit both to city and country, it is hoped they will unite in the necessary expence of rendering said road for travellers and carriages, more especially since by said law the publick interest alone is regarded."'' A corporation sanctioned by the legislation to built a road and bridges over the Hackensack River and Passaic River as part of the developing colonial road network in New Jersey was established. Initially ferry service was instituted at the river crossings which operated until the bridges were completed in 1795. A charter to operate the road was granted on February 24, 1849 and it was renamed Newark Plank Road.〔 *(Laws of the State of New Jersey ), 1811, pp. 337-340〕 By 1869 Central Railroad of New Jersey's Newark and New York Railroad was running trains that mirrored the route. (The right of way through Bergen Hill is now used by Hudson-Bergen Light Rail West Side Branch). Public Service Railway Lines #1 ran along much of route until bustitution was implemented, keeping the old number now used by New Jersey Transit as part of the #1 bus route. ==Jersey City== Newark Avenue in Jersey City begins at Grove Street, the stretch connecting it to the waterfront at Exchange Place/Paulus Hook called Railroad Avenue, after the Jersey City Branch of the Pennsylvania Railroad. This commercial thoroughfare in Historic Downtown borders the neighborhoods of Van Vorst Park, The Village, and Harsimus Cove.〔(Map of the Newark Avenue Neighborhood and Redevelopment Zone )〕 Once crossing under the Newark Bay Extension of the New Jersey Turnpike it ascends Bergen Hill, between the landmarks Jersey City High School and the Jersey City and Harsimus Cemetery. The avenue enters the Five Corners district, which is the county seat of Hudson County, New Jersey, and passes Hudson County Courthouse and Administration Building. Though not called such, the area becomes a "Little Manila", due to the concentration of Filipino American businesses located there. Public Service Railway Lines #3 and #9 ran along the avenue until bustitution was implemented. As crosses Kennedy Boulevard, Newark Avenue descends and becomes the heart the of India Square neighborhood. It passes through the Marion Section running parallel to the PATH rail lines passing Mana Contemporary and under the Marion Junction lines. Here Newark Avenue diverges from the colonial route and crosses the Wittpenn Bridge and soon thereafter splits into the Belleville Turnpike and the Newark-Jersey City Turnpike.〔〔(Alps Roads )〕 Newark Plank Road followed the route of U.S. Route 1/9 Truck (that now passes Holy Name Cemetery and Lincoln Park) turning onto Communipaw Avenue. After 1913 it became part of the Lincoln Highway, one of the first transcontinental automobile routes across the United States. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Newark Plank Road」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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